空间接入与出院护理敏感情况的住院之间的关联:使用索赔数据的回顾性队列研究
Arisa Iba1,2, Jun Tomio3, Takehiro Sugiyama1,4,5
1Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
对于门诊护理敏感条件 (ACSCs) 的住院治疗随着对初级保健诊所的距离越大而增加. 这种空间接入问题不成比例地影响着妇女和老年人,突出了预防性医疗保健提供中的关键差距.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 空间流行病学 空间流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 由于门诊护理敏感条件 (ACSCs) 的住院治疗通常可以通过及时的初级护理预防.
- 缺乏对初级保健的空间准入,可能会导致ACSC住院次增加.
- 在全球范围内,包括在日本,在获得初级保健的空间不平等存在.
研究的目的:
- 检查ACSCs的初级保健和住院住院的空间可访问性之间的联系.
- 为了确定人口群体不成比例地受影响的贫困的空间获得初级保健.
主要方法:
- 使用来自日本国民医疗保险受益人 (50-74岁) 的索赔和空间数据的回顾性队列研究.
- 多级波松回归分析,以评估ACSC入院,临床距离和医生密度之间的关系.
- 根据年龄,性别,并发症,医疗保健利用率和收入进行调整.
主要成果:
- 在居住在距离诊所1公里以上的人群中,与居住在0.3公里以内的人群相比,ACSC入院率显著更高.
- 与初级保健的距离增加与女性和65岁及以上的个人中更高的ACSCC入院率有关.
- 特定的距离值 (例如,≥0.3公里至<0.5公里) 显示了这些子组的显著关联.
结论:
- 对初级保健的不良空间接入与ACSC住院病例的增加有关.
- 妇女和老年人特别容易受到空间访问障碍的不利影响.
- 调查结果强调,需要采取干预措施,改善城市地区的初级保健可获得性,以减少可预防的住院治疗.
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