当人工智能应用于诊断算法时,定义医疗责任:系统性审查
Clara Cestonaro1, Arianna Delicati1, Beatrice Marcante1
1Legal Medicine Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Frontiers in medicine
|December 13, 2023
概括
医学中的人工智能 (AI) 提供了好处,但也引发了法律和道德问题. 目前的医疗责任法规对于AI诊断错误是不够的,需要紧急更新,以确保患者的安全和信任.
科学领域:
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗保健道德 医疗保健道德
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地融入临床实践,提供潜在的好处,如减少临床医生的工作量和提高诊断准确性.
- 尽管有优势,但AI在医学上存在重大伦理和法律挑战,特别是在医疗专业责任方面.
- 人工智能对医生和病人关系的影响,包括信任和同情心,是一个越来越令人担忧的问题.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关基于AI的诊断算法的医疗专业责任.
- 识别医疗保健中人工智能的当前法律和监管框架中的差距.
- 突出AI医疗应用中的新兴伦理考虑.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed进行了系统的文献审查.
- 选择了2020年至2023年间发表的研究.
- 该审查遵循了2020年PRISMA指南.
主要成果:
- 该审查表明,人们越来越关注人工智能相关错误和患者伤害的责任.
- 担忧包括来自非代表性AI开发群体和不完整的患者信息的风险.
- 现有的AI医疗责任监管框架不足,缺乏针对所有相关方的具体规定.
结论:
- 人工智能在医学领域的快速发展迫切需要对医疗责任法规进行彻底改革.
- 需要具体的法规来解决人工智能开发者,提供商和最终用户的问责问题.
- 确保产品安全,通过更新维护标准,并解决道德问题对于在医疗保健中负责任地实施人工智能至关重要.
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