为连接和自动驾驶汽车设立专用车道对整个网络的安全影响
Hua Sha1, Mohit Kumar Singh1, Rajae Haouari1
1Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|December 13, 2023
概括
连接和自动驾驶汽车 (CAV) 的专用车道显著减少了高市场透率的交通冲突和事故. 人驾驶汽车和自动驾驶汽车的最佳组合是最大限度地提高这些专用车道的安全效益的关键.
科学领域:
- 运输工程 运输工程
- 交通安全 交通安全
- 智能运输系统 智能运输系统
背景情况:
- 使用联网和自动驾驶汽车 (CAV) 的合作,互联和自动化移动 (CCAM) 有望彻底改变交通.
- 电动自动驾驶汽车可以改善交通流量,缩短旅行时间和提高安全性.
- 基础设施的调整,如专用车道,可能是必要的,以优化CAV性能和道路使用者的舒适性.
研究的目的:
- 评估在城市高速公路和动脉上为CAV实施专用车道的安全影响.
- 确定CAV不同市场透率 (MPR) 对安全结果的影响.
- 确定专用车道的最佳CAV组合,以实现最大的安全效益.
主要方法:
- 使用校准和验证的AIMSUN微模模型来模拟交通场景.
- 嵌入式人驾驶汽车 (HDV) 和两代自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 具有不同的行为参数.
- 通过使用替代安全评估模型 (SSAM) 分析了不同专用车道配置和CAV MPR的安全影响.
主要成果:
- 专用车道在低CAV MPR (约20%) 时显示出最小的优势.
- 在高CAV MPR的情况下,交通冲突 (53-58%) 和估计的交通事故 (高达48%) 显著减少.
- 为了提高安全性,确定了40%的HDV,40%的第一代AV和20%的第二代AV的最佳MPR组合.
结论:
- 针对CAV的专用车道可以大大提高交通安全,特别是在更高的采用率下.
- 在专用车道内的车辆组合 (重型车和自动驾驶汽车的混合组合) 对于安全优化至关重要.
- 调查结果可以为实施专用CAV基础设施的政策制定提供信息.
相关概念视频
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
419
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
419
Zones of Protection
184
In power systems, the entire setup is divided into protective zones to isolate faults and protect the rest of the network. These zones include generators, transformers, buses, transmission lines, distribution lines, and motors. Each zone can be visualized as a separate room in a house, with each room protected by its own circuit breaker.
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
184
Pilot and Numeric Relaying
86
Pilot relaying is a type of differential protection used in power systems. It compares electrical quantities at the terminals of equipment via a communication channel instead of direct relay interconnection. This method is essential for transmission lines where the terminals are far apart, typically up to 80 km for lines with 69 to 115 kV ratings. Four types of communication channels are used for pilot relaying:
86
Survey Safety
30
Surveying near highways, rough terrain, or power lines involves significant risks. Working along highways is particularly dangerous and requires the use of warning signs and flagmen. It is safest to avoid working directly on roads and use offsets whenever possible. When highway work is unavoidable, it must follow all safety guidelines. Surveyors should wear bright clothing, such as orange reflective vests, to ensure visibility to motorists, coworkers, and hunters. In construction zones, wearing...
30
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers
838
Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
838
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve
47
Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
47


