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在两项和四项选择任务中比较部分重复成本:抽象关系代码的证据

Eliot Hazeltine¹, Iring Koch², Daniel H Weissman³

¹Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition

|December 14, 2023

概括

行动控制中的部分重复成本受到刺激-反应信号的影响. 这些成本表明认知绑定包括关系代码,影响决策任务的响应时间.

科学领域:

认知心理学认知心理学
人与计算机的交互
神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

在选择任务中观察到的部分重复成本 (PRC) 是当刺激或反应部分重复时.
现有理论表明,PRCs反映了更新刺激-反应结合或解决处理冲突.
另一个假设是,PRC受启发式信号机制的影响.

研究的目的:

调查关系代码,特别是信号效应是否有助于部分重复成本.
为了比较两个选择和四个选择任务中的PRC,以区分约束更新和信号效应.
检查刺激-反应信号的有效性如何影响信号效应的大小.

主要方法:

在两个选择和四个选择任务中,部分重复成本的比较.
在试验中对刺激-反应重复和变化模式的实验操纵.
基于试验历史和信号有效性的响应时间和错误率的分析.

主要成果:

在两项和四项选择任务中,完全重复的好处是相似的.
在四个选择任务中,相比于两个选择任务中,完全更改的好处较小,这表明信号效应.
信号效应的大小是在刺激-反应模式一致的试验 (有效信号) 之后更大.

结论:

刺激特征和反应之间的信号传递有助于部分重复成本.
参与行动控制的认知绑定包含关系代码.
这些发现完善了我们对认知控制和决策如何受到学习刺激-反应关联的影响的理解.

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