在医疗环境中,跨群体时间偏见和厌恶性种族主义
Emerson Araújo Do Bú1, Filipa Madeira1, Cicero Roberto Pereira1
1Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|December 14, 2023
概括
白人医疗学员表现出跨组时间偏差 (ITB),与白人患者比黑人患者投入更多时间. 这种与厌恶性种族主义相关的偏见,对黑人患者的医疗保健结果产生了负面影响.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 医学教育 医学教育
背景情况:
- 对人际关系的时间投资反映了社会价值和关系维护.
- 集团间时间偏差 (ITB) 是一种歧视性行为,在该行为中,个人花费更多的时间来评估集团内部成员,而不是外部成员.
- 厌恶性种族主义,一种微妙的偏见形式,可能会在种族化背景下解释ITB.
研究的目的:
- 提出和测试对跨群体时间偏差 (ITB) 的厌恶性种族主义解释.
- 检查ITB在医疗环境中的后果,特别是关于医疗保健差异.
- 研究时间投资差异如何影响患者的诊断,疼痛评估和治疗.
主要方法:
- 五项实验研究 (N = 434和N = 193) 涉及白人医疗学员.
- 对白人和黑人男性患者形成印象,诊断,评估疼痛和处方药物的时间评估.
- 分析证实ITB的可靠性及其与厌恶性种族主义资料的关联.
主要成果:
- 与黑人患者相比,白人医疗学员在评估白人患者方面花费了更多的时间.
- 偏差时间投资调解了患者皮肤颜色对医疗保健结果的影响,影响了诊断准确性,疼痛感知和阿片类药物处方.
- 在具有厌恶种族主义特征的参与者中,ITB的强度更高.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个证据,将支持白人患者的跨群体时间偏见与厌恶性种族主义联系起来.
- 这种对时间投资的偏见对医疗保健结果产生了重大影响,导致了种族差异.
- 了解ITB提供了对医疗保健中时间的社会心理学意义的见解,并解释了一种阴险的歧视形式.
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