偶然的贩运者:关于埃塞俄比亚劳动力招聘的定性调查结果
Joanna Busza1, Zewdneh Shewamene2, Cathy Zimmerman3
1Department of Public Health, Environment & Society, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK. Joanna.Busza@lshtm.ac.uk.
Globalization and health
|December 15, 2023
概括
非正式的招聘人员在埃塞俄比亚劳动力移民中发挥着复杂的作用. 政策应该建设性地参与这些促进者,而不是将他们定为犯罪,以提高移民安全.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 移民研究 移民研究
背景情况:
- 劳动移民带来了重大的全球人权和健康挑战,包括剥削和贩运.
- 埃塞俄比亚的"安全移民"政策规范了正式的就业机构,但忽视了非正式的招聘人员.
- 移民经常依靠非正式的促进者,他们经常被误认为是人口贩运者.
研究的目的:
- 探讨埃塞俄比亚非正式促进者不规则招聘实践的现实情况.
- 了解分离招聘人员的政策如何影响女性家庭工人的移民风险.
- 分析非正式辅导者的动机,经验和看法.
主要方法:
- 与28名非正式辅导员进行了定性访谈.
- 该研究重点关注中东和海湾国家寻求家务工作的女性移民的招聘实践.
- 数据分析探讨了与招聘流程和政策影响相关的主题.
主要成果:
- 农村地区和亚的斯亚贝巴之间的招聘动态不同,农村促进者注册的激励是有限的.
- 非正式的促进者通过规避法律要求,降低成本和加快离境提供优势.
- 促进者在广泛的链条中运作,将移民安全的责任分配给各种各样的参与者,有些注册,有些不注册.
- 调解员认为,一旦工人在国外,根据不同的法律和雇主,确保移民安全的能力有限.
结论:
- 该研究强调了移民过程中参与者的多样性,挑战了简单的政策解决方案.
- 建设性地吸引非正式的促进者可以改善移民转介到安全就业的情况.
- 将非正式促进者定为犯罪行为可能不如将他们纳入更安全的移民框架.
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