艾滋病毒感染者患多发性硬化症的风险:一项国际队列研究
Kyla A McKay1,2, José M A Wijnands3, Ali Manouchehrinia1,2
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Annals of neurology
|December 15, 2023
概括
艾滋病毒感染者患多发性硬化症 (MS) 的风险较低. 在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的人群中也观察到这种降低的风险,这表明HIV,ART和MS之间存在复杂的关系.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 与多发性硬化症 (MS) 之间的潜在关联一直是正在进行的研究的主题.
- 了解这种关系对于管理老龄化艾滋病毒阳性人群中同时发生的疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究和比较艾滋病毒感染者的多发性硬化症 (MS) 与普通人口的发病率.
- 专门研究暴露于抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 后艾滋病毒阳性个体的多发性硬化症风险.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究,利用来自瑞典和加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的健康数据.
- 包括29,163名艾滋病毒阳性个体,使用注册表和验证的算法跟踪事件MS.
- 观察到的MS发病率与一般人口中预期的发病率进行比较,调整以人口统计和社会经济因素为准;计算标准化发病率 (SIR).
主要成果:
- 在HIV阳性队列中观察到MS的风险明显降低 (SIR=0.53,95%CI=0.32-0.90).
- 在第一次接触抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 后,MS的风险也降低了 (SIR = 0.55,95% CI = 0.31-0.96).
- 该研究包括242,248人年的随访,其中14例观察到的多发性硬化病例与26.19例预期病例相比.
结论:
- 这项国际研究提供了强有力的证据,证明艾滋病毒感染者患多发性硬化症 (MS) 的风险降低.
- 这些发现表明,抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 对MS发展具有潜在的保护作用或修饰作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明艾滋病毒感染,ART和多发性硬化症的发病过程之间的复杂相互作用.
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