消除后的童年麻风:印度的一项临床-流行病学前性观察研究
Nirma Joy1, Sayadarshi Patnaik1, Surajit Nayak1
1Department of Skin and VD, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Brahmapur, Odisha, India.
Indian dermatology online journal
|December 15, 2023
概括
童年麻风在印度仍然令人担忧,许多病例发生在贫困,营养不良的儿童中. 早期诊断和社区意识对于控制传播和预防并发症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 印度,尽管在2005年全国消除了麻风,但报告全球麻风负担最高.
- 儿童麻风病发病率是积极疾病传播和控制计划有效性的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 调查14岁以下儿童麻风的患病率和临床特征.
- 分析儿科麻风病例中的皮肤外感染,反应,复发率和人口统计因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性观察性研究对14岁以下的儿童进行,这些儿童呈现出麻风症状.
- 数据是从2018年10月到2020年9月在印度东部的一家三级医院收集的.
主要成果:
- 儿童麻风占新病例的10.4%,平均年龄为11.14岁;男性占主导地位 (69.6%).
- 受影响的儿童中有很大一部分来自贫困线以下 (82.1%),营养不良 (19.6%) 和贫血 (55.4%) 的比例很高.
- 最常见的临床类型是边缘结核病 (73.21%),常见的是上肢受影响 (57.1%) 和神经 (67.8%). 发现了勒普拉反应 (类型1:8.9%,类型2:1.7%) 和一次性复发 (1.7%).
结论:
- 这项研究强调了儿童流行性麻风病的持续存在,表明需要改善医疗保健基础设施.
- 加强社区意识,有针对性的运动和基于学校的调查对于早期检测和预防麻风传播至关重要.
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