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相关概念视频

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides01:16

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The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
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Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines01:12

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The secondary and tertiary amines are derivatives of ammonia, where two and three of its hydrogens are replaced by alkyl groups, respectively. Secondary and tertiary amines can be symmetrical with identical alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom or unsymmetrical when more than one type of alkyl group is present. The standard nomenclature of secondary and tertiary amines is similar to the names given to the primary amines. They are generally named alkylamines. As depicted in Figure 1, for...
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Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions01:24

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Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
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Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Interplay Between Trichoderma stromaticum and the Mammalian Immune System
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三植物:名称的变化和实际影响

Manas Chatterjee1, Debatri Datta2

  • 1Brigadier Armed Forces Medical Services (Pens), Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, India.

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|December 15, 2023
PubMed
概括

一种新的真菌物种,Trichophyton indotineae,导致炎症性皮肤植物病并表现出阿醇耐药性. 基因分析对于识别这种多抗药性病原体和指导真菌感染的有效治疗策略至关重要.

关键词:
人类爱好的人类爱好.印度 印度 印度这种植物是Trichophyton indotineae.在Trichophyton的数字间.三植物 (Trichophyton mentagrophytes) 是一个植物群.亚醇是一种皮肤植物病 (dermatophytosis) 是一种地缘爱好者地缘爱好者地缘爱好者电阻的阻力可以特尔比纳非因 (terbinafine) 是一种动物爱好者的动物爱好者

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科学领域:

  • 医学真菌学 医学真菌学
  • 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
  • 抗微生物耐药性 抗微生物耐药性

背景情况:

  • 传统上,Trichophyton interdigitale和Trichophyton mentagrophytes分别会引起表面性和炎症性皮肤植物病.
  • 印度的特尔比纳耐药菌株被确定为"基因型VIII",现在被归类为Trichophyton indotineae.
  • 与T. mentagrophytes和T. interdigitale相比,Trichophyton indotineae表现出对醇的耐药性和独特的表型特征.

研究的目的:

  • 为了区分Trichophyton indotineae与T. mentagrophytes和T. interdigitale.等密切相关的物种.
  • 描述T. indotineae感染的临床和真菌学特征.
  • 突出基因分析在识别T. indotineae和指导治疗中的必要性.

主要方法:

  • 核糖体内部转录的间隔器测序用于初始识别.
  • 为了精确的基因型差异化,HMG位点分析.
  • 评估脂解和解能力的表型研究.
  • 病变类型和分布的临床病例分析.

主要成果:

  • 印丁 (Trichophyton indotineae) 在遗传上与T. mentagrophytes和T. interdigitale有很大的区别.
  • 与其他两种不同的是,T. indotineae主要导致干部和沟的炎症感染.
  • 在T. indotineae中,脂解活性较低,与其在富含脂质的头皮上较低的流行率相关.
  • 印丁菌的感染往往具有高度炎症性,呈现为斑块状,状或状病变.

结论:

  • 准确识别T. indotineae需要基因分析超出传统的培养方法.
  • 多抗药性T. indotineae的出现在印度对治疗皮肤植物病提出了重大挑战.
  • 了解T. indotineae的独特特征对于开发有针对性的治疗方法至关重要.