使用人工智能来促进对语言障碍和复杂医疗需求的住院患者的公平护理:临床利益相关者的观点
Amelia K Barwise1, Susan Curtis2, Daniel A Diedrich3
1Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, United States.
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
|December 15, 2023
概括
机器学习可以识别面对面翻译的语言障碍患者,旨在减少医疗保健差异. 利益相关者采访显示,他们感知到的好处包括改善护理准入,以及隐私问题等风险.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 患者倡导 患者倡导
背景情况:
- 患有语言障碍和复杂医疗需求的住院患者在护理质量,安全性和结果方面存在显著差异.
- 对现场口译员的不足利用加剧了这些差异.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为识别和优先考虑需要口译服务的患者提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 探索有关使用人工智能 (AI) 来识别和优先考虑语言障碍住院患者的利益相关者的看法.
- 了解与在口译服务分配中实施AI相关的感知风险和好处.
主要方法:
- 采用半结构面试对49名利益相关者进行定性研究,包括临床医生,口译员和行政人员.
- 使用NVIVO软件进行数据分析,编码和解释面试答案.
- 在这种情况下,专注于了解AI应用的感知风险和好处.
主要成果:
- 关键的感知风险包括对AI透明度,准确性,数据隐私,患者污名化,警报疲劳和供需不平衡的担忧.
- 关键的感知好处包括提高对现场口译员的认识和优先考虑,简化访问,临床医生赋权以及减轻临床医生偏见的潜力.
- 利益相关方的观点强调了AI的一般性问题和解决口译服务挑战的独特好处.
结论:
- 用人工智能驱动的患者识别和优先考虑翻译服务,有望提高护理标准.
- 这种方法有可能显著减少语言障碍患者的医疗保健差异.
- 解决利益相关者识别的风险对于在口译服务中成功实施人工智能至关重要.
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