根据家庭脆弱性,COVID-19大流行对母乳养的影响:基于记录联系的观察性研究
Simona Di Mario1, Carlo Gagliotti2, Adriano Cattaneo3
1SaPeRiDoc-Documentation Centre on Perinatal and Reproductive Health, Primary Care Service, Regional Health Authority of Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy.
概括
虽然COVID-19大流行并没有显著改变母乳养率,但却增加了脆弱儿童的比例. 针对性支持对于危机期间的高风险群体至关重要,以确保母乳养的保护和促进.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒疾病2019 (COVID-19) 流行病给全球公共卫生系统带来了前所未有的挑战.
- 了解大流行对婴儿养习惯,特别是母乳养的影响,对于母亲和儿童的福祉至关重要.
- 家庭的脆弱性可能会影响公共卫生危机对母乳养的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19流行病对母乳养患病率的影响.
- 检查家庭脆弱性如何改变大流行对母乳养率的影响.
- 在疫情期间识别不同脆弱级别的母乳养趋势.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种重复的横截面研究设计.
- 分析使用了区域行政数据库,将母乳养数据与母亲特征联系起来.
- 计算了母乳养脆弱性得分,并分析了2019年 (流行前),2020年 (封锁) 和2021年的数据 (温和措施).
主要成果:
- 3个月完整母乳养的发病率略有下降 (57.1%至56.1%),而在2019年至2021年期间,在5个月后增加 (44.1%至47.6%).
- 在特定的脆弱性类别中,母乳养的流行率在很大程度上不受大流行影响.
- 与2019年相比,2021年,处于最高脆弱类 (得分≥3) 的儿童百分比显著增加3.6%,比2019年增加3.6%.
结论:
- COVID-19大流行对整体母乳养患病率产生了最小的直接影响.
- 在大流行期间,来自高度脆弱家庭的儿童比例显著增加.
- 在健康危机和紧急情况下,加强母乳养保护,促进和支持对于弱势群体至关重要.
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