种族差异对APOE-ε4基因型对阿尔茨海默病的Trail Making Test B的影响:一项纵向研究
Chun Xu1, Priscila Acevedo1, Yongke Lu2
1Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
International journal of geriatric psychiatry
|December 15, 2023
概括
APOE-ε4等位基因对患有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的白人个体的Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) 评分产生影响,但对西班牙裔或非洲裔美国人群体没有影响. 这一遗传因素在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 组中显示与访问的相互作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 步道制作测试B部分 (TMT-B) 评估执行功能,记忆和感觉运动技能.
- APOE-ε4基因型是已知的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的风险因素.
- 有限的研究存在APOE-ε4对跨越多元种族群体的TMT-B表现在AD的纵向影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究APOE-ε4基因型对阿尔茨海默病 (AD),轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和认知正常 (CN) 状态的参与者TMT-B评分的纵向影响.
- 为了检查不同种族群体之间的这些影响:白人,非裔美国人 (AA) 和西班牙裔.
主要方法:
- 利用来自阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划 (ADNI) 的数据,其中有382名AD,503名CN和1293名MCI参与者.
- 采用多变量线性混合模型来分析APOE-ε4对四年随访期间TMT-B分数变化的影响.
- 对潜在的混因素进行了控制,并检查了与种族,访问,教育和认知措施的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 与白人相比,非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔人表现出更高的TMT-B得分,这表明认知功能较差.
- 具有一个或两个APOE-ε4等位基因的白人个体比非携带者显示出明显更高的TMT-B得分.
- 在西班牙裔和非洲裔美国人群中,没有观察到与APOE-ε4状态相关的TMT-B得分的显著差异.
- 只有在MCI组中,APOE-ε4与TMT-B得分有关,在这个子组中,访问,教育,APOE-ε4和迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 得分之间存在显著的相互作用.
- TMT-B评分与MMSE,ADAS13,tTau,pTau,Aβ42和海马体积有显著的相关性.
结论:
- APOE-ε4等位基因与TMT-B表现的关联在不同种族群体之间存在差异,在白人中是显著的,但在西班牙裔或非洲裔美国人中没有.
- APOE-ε4与MCI组的后续访问有相互作用,这表明了差异性的纵向影响.
- 这些发现强调了在评估神经退行性疾病中的认知功能时考虑种族和遗传因素的重要性.
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