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相关概念视频

What is an Ecosystem?01:17

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Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ecological community’s structure. Many factors affect community structure, including abiotic factors (e.g., sunlight and nutrients), disturbances (e.g., fire or flood), species interactions (e.g., predation or competition), and chance events (e.g., foreign species invasion). Certain species—such as keystone species—also play a...
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科学领域:

  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 保护生物学 保护生物学
  • 生态系统管理 生态系统管理

背景情况:

  • 保护区 (PAs) 提供了对人类福祉至关重要的基本生态系统服务 (ES).
  • 在PA中映射ES对于理解其空间分布和管理至关重要.
  • 需要进行系统审查,以综合当前关于ES映射在PA中的知识.

研究的目的:

  • 对保护区生态系统服务的绘制进行系统的文献审查.
  • 分析ES绘图研究的趋势,包括地理分布,研究领域和方法.
  • 为了确定最频繁地绘制的ES维度和PA内部的特定服务.

主要方法:

  • 按照系统性审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目进行系统性文献审查.
  • 对出版趋势,地理重点,PA类型 (IUCN分类) 和ES分类 (千年生态系统评估) 的分析.
  • 评估方法方法 (定量与定性) 和审查研究中的验证程度.

主要成果:

  • 在2012年至2023年期间,PAs的ES绘图研究显著增加,集中在欧洲和亚洲.
  • 陆地PA,特别是IUCN类型II和IV,是主要关注的焦点,特别强调ES的供应维度.
  • 监管,维护和文化ES最常被绘制为地图,具体服务如"维护幼儿园种群和息地"和"使审美体验成为可能的生活系统特征"是突出的. 与营养相关的提供服务也经常被绘制为地图.
  • 量化方法占主导地位,但定性研究也很普遍. 一个值得注意的发现是经常缺乏对映射ES的验证.

结论:

  • 该综述提供了PA中ES绘制的总体概述,确定了研究热点和研究不足的地区.
  • 监管,维护和文化ES,以及特定的提供服务,是PA研究的重点领域.
  • 在ES绘图研究中普遍缺乏验证,这对其可信度构成挑战,并强调需要在未来的研究中提高方法论的严格性.