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渐进和倒退的土地利用变化对生态系统多功能性的影响:对印度东部喜马拉雅地区土地恢复的影响
Bandana Kurmi1, Arun Jyoti Nath1, Gudeta W Sileshi2
1Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, India.
The Science of the total environment
|December 15, 2023
概括
在喜马拉雅山脉,逐步的土地利用从退化森林转向农业林业,增强碳储量和生物多样性. 反向性的转变,比如为种植园砍伐自然森林,减少了这些重要的生态系统服务.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
背景情况:
- 土地利用变化,人类活动和气候变化对喜马拉雅生态系统服务产生重大影响.
- 主要的土地用途包括自然森林,退化森林,和Areca catechu种植园以及农林系统.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估土壤特性,树结构,生物质,细根产量和碳储存在逐渐和倒退的土地利用转变后的变化.
- 为了比较将退化土地转化为种植园的生态影响与农林系统的生态影响.
- 评估自然森林被单一种植园所取代的后果.
主要方法:
- 在不同土地使用类型中对土壤特性,树结构,地表生物质,细根生产和碳储存进行比较分析.
- 定义渐进的土地使用转移 (例如,退化土地转向农林业) 和倒退的转移 (例如,自然森林转向种植园).
主要成果:
- 自然森林拥有最高的地面生物质,其次是阿雷卡农业林业. 退化森林的情况最少.
- 阿雷卡农林学显示,与自然森林相比,地表生物质碳是可比的.
- 逐步转向农林业增加了土壤有机碳 (SOC) 库存,而从自然森林转移到阿雷卡种植园减少了它们.
- 细根生产在阿雷卡农业林业中最高,在种植园中最低.
结论:
- 逐步的土地利用从退化森林转向农林系统,大大提高了碳储量,植物多样性和生态系统的多功能性.
- 与单一种植园相比,农林系统为生物多样性和气候变化缓解提供了更大的好处.
- 反向的土地利用变化,特别是自然森林转化为种植园,会对碳储存和生态系统健康产生负面影响.
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