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热应激对奶牛料摄入量,奶产,牛奶成分和料效率的影响:一个元分析
L Chen1, V M Thorup1, A B Kudahl1
1Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele 8830, Denmark.
Journal of dairy science
|December 15, 2023
概括
热应激显著降低了奶牛的生产力,减少了料摄入量和牛奶产量. 缓解策略对于经历热压力的牲畜来说至关重要,以保持最佳的乳制品生产.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
背景情况:
- 热应激对奶牛的生产力产生负面影响,影响料摄入量,牛奶产量,成分和料效率.
- 关于在不同热应激水平和不同牛种群中量化这些影响的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 通过元分析来评估热应激对干物摄入量 (DMI),能量校正牛奶 (ECM),牛奶成分和料效率的影响.
- 调查热应激干预和动物特征如何影响这些生产参数.
主要方法:
- 用31项研究的数据进行了元分析,包括34项试验.
- 使用元回归和回归模型分析了热应激指标 (温度湿度指数 - THI) 和生产变量之间的关系,考虑哺乳期.
主要成果:
- 热应激显著降低了DMI,ECM和牛奶蛋白度.
- 牛奶脂肪度和料效率没有受到热应力显著影响.
- 增加THI与中期哺乳期母牛的DMI (每单位增加4.13%) 和ECM (每单位增加3.25%) 的显著降低有关.
- 确定了THI和哺乳期之间的强烈相互作用,解释了DMI和ECM效应的异质性.
结论:
- 热应激大大降低了奶牛的DMI和ECM,其影响由THI和哺乳期调节.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解热应激效应与特定动物特征之间的相互作用.
- 实施减轻热应激的策略对于保持乳牛群的生产力至关重要.
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