全球跨大陆电力池用于低碳电力
Haozhe Yang1, Ranjit Deshmukh1,2, Sangwon Suh3
1Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Nature communications
|December 15, 2023
概括
跨大陆电力贸易对于可再生能源的未来至关重要. 它确保了可靠的电力供应,并降低了成本,即使在可再生能源开发的土地限制.
科学领域:
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 减缓气候变化减缓气候变化减缓
- 实现可再生能源的整合.
背景情况:
- 实现全球气候目标需要向低碳电力过渡.
- 整合高比例的可变可再生能源在平衡电力供需方面存在挑战,原因是资源分布和变化.
研究的目的:
- 研究跨大陆电池在满足未来可再生电力需求中的作用.
- 评估跨大陆电力贸易在不同的土地可用性限制下对系统成本的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用电力规划模型,每小时预测供需.
- 集成的高分辨率可再生资源地图用于分析.
- 在不同的土地限制场景下,研究了六个跨大陆电池.
主要成果:
- 跨大陆电力贸易可以在2050年之前将系统成本降低5-52%,如果所有合适的可再生能源站点都可用.
- 如果没有贸易,可再生能源可能无法满足12%的全球需求到2050年在土地限制下 (前10%的地点).
- 通过跨大陆贸易和土地限制,可以满足100%的可再生电力需求,降低成本高达23%.
结论:
- 扩大区域输电网络对于高度脱碳,受土地限制的电力系统至关重要.
- 跨大陆电池显著提高了可再生能源整合的可靠性和成本效益.
- 国际电力贸易是实现100%可再生能源系统的关键推动因素.
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