当前状态和未来方向:人工智能/机器学习在精准医学中的应用
Kunal Naik1, Rahul K Goyal2, Luca Foschini3
1Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
|December 16, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 加快了精准医学,但需要可靠的方法. 差异隐私和联合学习等策略保护数据,而监管协作则增强人工智能采用.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 生物医学信息学是生物医学信息学.
- 监管科学是一种监管科学.
背景情况:
- 精准医学旨在根据个体变化量身定制治疗方法.
- 人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 为分析复杂的健康数据提供了强大的工具.
- 技术进步为人工智能在医疗保健领域带来了机遇和挑战.
研究的目的:
- 讨论人工智能在精密医学中的目标和应用.
- 确定与医疗保健中人工智能实施相关的挑战.
- 为准确医学中可靠的人工智能和数据保护提出战略.
主要方法:
- 从2023年FDA研讨会中审查精准医学中创新的AI应用.
- 讨论人工智能的挑战,重点关注可靠性.
- 探索隐私保护技术,如差异隐私,合成数据和联合学习.
- 考虑基于风险的管理和敏捷的监管框架.
主要成果:
- 人工智能/ML应用在预测瘤生长,识别生物标志物和分层患者群体方面表现有前途.
- 关键的挑战包括确保AI可信度和保护敏感数据.
- 不同隐私,合成数据生成和联合学习是数据保护的可行策略.
- 基于风险的管理方法和敏捷的监管生态系统对于人工智能集成至关重要.
结论:
- 人工智能和机器学习对于推进精准医学至关重要.
- 解决人工智能可信度和数据隐私问题至关重要.
- 合作努力,包括数据共享和监管指导,对于人工智能在精准医学中的负责任发展至关重要.
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