自我护理决策的模式和相关因素:一个横截面的观察性研究
Christopher S Lee1, Kenneth E Freedland2, Tiny Jaarsma3
1Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
International journal of nursing studies
|December 16, 2023
概括
患有慢性疾病的成年人在各种因素的影响下做出自我护理决定. 识别这些模式,如"维护者"",高度不确定"和"焦虑的隐藏者",可以为更好的症状管理量身定制干预措施.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 行为医学是一种行为医学.
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 自我照顾对于治疗慢性疾病至关重要,但决策过程是复杂的.
- 背景因素显著影响慢性病患者如何管理症状.
研究的目的:
- 在长期患有慢性疾病的社区成年人中,确定由情境因素影响的自我护理决策的独特模式.
- 探索与这些已识别的决策模式相关的社会人口统计学,临床和行为因素.
主要方法:
- 对430名患有慢性疾病的社区成年人的数据进行了二次分析.
- 隐藏类混合建模以识别基于上下文影响的模式 (外部,紧迫性,不确定性,认知/情感,等待/提示竞争,隐藏).
- 多变量多项回归用于将模式与其他因素关联起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同的自我护理决策模式:"维护者" (48.1%),"高度不确定" (23.0%),和"痛苦的隐藏者" (28.8%).
- "维护者"模式主要受到症状紧迫性的影响.
- "高度不确定的"模式是由对症状的不确定性驱动的,而"痛苦的隐藏者"受到外部因素,认知/情感问题和隐藏的影响. 年龄,教育程度,财务安全和具体症状在不同模式中存在差异.
结论:
- 在患有慢性疾病的成年人中,情境因素如何影响自我护理决策存在显著的变化.
- 识别这些不同的决策模式对于开发个性化和有效的干预措施至关重要.
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