景观特征如何影响北极哺乳动物对人类干扰的反应
Andrew F Barnas1, Andrew Ladle2, Joanna M Burgar3
1School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
The Science of the total environment
|December 16, 2023
概括
哺乳动物对人类干扰的反应因物种和景观背景而异. 了解这些复杂的相互作用对于在各种环境中有效的野生动物保护规划至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物保护 野生动物保护
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物对人为干扰的反应是复杂的,在空间和时间尺度以及景观背景上有所不同.
- 景观背景,包括整体干扰和生产力,影响了当地对干扰的反应.
- 需要有层次的方法来理解大规模的景观如何影响小规模的生态过程.
研究的目的:
- 调查景观环境如何影响哺乳动物的发生,以应对当地人为干扰.
- 测试关于局部干扰和景观层面因素 (干扰和生产力) 在哺乳动物物种之间的相互作用的假设.
- 通过了解特定物种的反应,为大规模的保护计划提供见解.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自阿尔伯塔省9个景观的957个地点的摄像头陷数据 (2007-2020年).
- 使用通用线性混合模型检查了11种哺乳动物物种的发生情况.
- 分析了局部场地干扰和景观层面干扰以及生产力对物种发生的影响.
主要成果:
- 根据景观背景,物种对干扰的反应各不相同.
- 白尾鹿喜欢在低干扰景观中的高度干扰的地点,而鹿,大猩猩和鱼喜欢在高度干扰的景观中的高度干扰的地点.
- 黑熊,狐和狼在高干扰,高生产率的地区出现率较高,而鹿和白尾鹿则偏爱低生产率的景观,干扰增加.
结论:
- 由景观层面的干扰和生产力形成的生态环境,显著改变了当地哺乳动物对人类干扰的反应.
- 哺乳动物对干扰的反应是特定于物种的,需要量身定制的保护策略.
- 有效的野生动物管理需要在评估干扰影响时考虑大规模的地缘气候过程和地理位置.
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