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线粒体功能障碍和星球细胞缩在老年人大脑皮层的脑皮层
Alexander Popov1,2, Nadezda Brazhe2,3, Kseniia Morozova3
1College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 314001, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Pro, China.
Nature communications
|December 16, 2023
概括
大脑衰老会损害星体细胞,而不是神经元. 老化的星体细胞表现出形态缩和线粒体功能障碍,影响大脑健康. 这项研究揭示了人类大脑衰老期间的关键细胞变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 衰老对人类大脑细胞环境,特别是星球细胞和神经元的影响还不太清楚.
- 星体细胞在大脑功能中起着至关重要的作用,包括支持,保护和调节神经元环境.
研究的目的:
- 研究衰老对人类皮质星球细胞和神经元的细胞和分子特征的影响.
- 为了比较年轻和年长的成年人大脑组织中的细胞变化.
主要方法:
- 对年轻人 (22-50岁) 和老年人 (51-72岁) 新皮层组织的分析.
- 量化线粒体细胞染色体,蛋白质与脂质的比例,以及天体细胞形态.
- 评估星细胞间隙结合,输入阻力,质纤维酸蛋白 (GFAP) 和埃兹林表达.
- 评估神经元刺激性和抑制性突触后信号传递.
主要成果:
- 衰老降低了线粒体细胞染色体和星球细胞中的蛋白质与脂质比率,以及形态缩 (分支长度减少,叶片体积减少,域缩).
- 星细胞缩与减少间隙结合和增加输入阻力相关.
- 在老年星球细胞中,状纤维酸蛋白 (GFAP) 被上调,埃兹林被下调.
- 没有观察到神经元刺激性或抑制信号的显著变化.
结论:
- 人类大脑衰老的特点是皮质星球细胞的显著形态和线粒体损伤.
- 这些天体细胞缺陷,包括缩和功能解,发生在神经元刺激性没有实质性变化的情况下.
- 这些发现突出了星体细胞作为受大脑衰老影响的关键细胞参与者,这表明了潜在的治疗点.
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