在作物植物中操纵表观遗传多样性:技术,挑战和机会
Vikas Kumar Singh1, Shoeb Ahmed1, Dinesh Kumar Saini2
1Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut 250004, India.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects
|December 17, 2023
概括
表观遗传修饰改变基因表达而不改变DNA序列,这对于植物适应至关重要. 本综述涵盖了研究和操纵作物中这些遗传性变化的技术,以改善作物特征.
科学领域:
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 表观遗传修饰调节了植物中的基因表达和遗传特征,而不会改变DNA序列.
- 这些修改对于植物生长,发育和适应环境压力至关重要.
- 了解表观遗传多样性是提高作物的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为研究和操纵作物植物表观遗传多样性的技术提供概述.
- 探索表观遗传修饰在植物对生物和非生物压力的适应性反应中的作用.
- 讨论表观遗传操纵在作物改良方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查关于表观遗传修饰技术的现有文献.
- 检查自然发生和人工诱导的类单元.
- 对环境化学物质 (例如,5-AzaC,泽布拉林,三素A,甲酸盐) 的分析及其对表观遗传学的影响.
- 讨论产生基的方法 (组织培养,突变发生,移植,CRISPR/Cas).
- 研究表观遗传修饰与非编码RNA (siRNA,miRNA,exo-RNAi) 之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 表观遗传修饰在植物表型可塑性和适应性中起着重要作用.
- 各种化学和物理方法可以诱导植物的遗传表观遗传变化.
- 克里斯普尔/卡斯技术为表观遗传修饰提供了精确的向.
- 非编码RNAs,包括exo-RNAi,是表观遗传调节的组成部分.
- 环境压力和化学物质可以显著影响植物表观遗传学.
结论:
- 表观遗传修饰对于植物适应和表型可塑性至关重要.
- 现有多种技术用于在作物中产生和操纵类基.
- 克里斯帕/卡斯和非编码RNA研究为未来的作物改进提供了有希望的途径.
- 利用表观遗传多样性为提高作物弹性和产量提供了机会和挑战.
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