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采矿造成的河流生态系统的转变影响了土著河流息地的鸟类繁殖
Łukasz Kajtoch1, Peter Lešo2, Eliška Aubrechtová3
1Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016 Kraków, Poland.
The Science of the total environment
|December 17, 2023
概括
石和沙子挖掘为一些鸟类创造了有益的水体,但天然的牛弓湖与森林对于整体的沿海鸟类多样性和危物种至关重要. 这些自然息地对于土著沿海物种来说是不可替代的.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 沙子和石的挖掘大大改变了沿海生态系统,创造了新的水体,但导致了自然息地的丧失.
- 这些修改影响水生和陆生繁殖鸟群,影响物种丰富性,组成和丰富性.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同的挖掘后息地 (洪水坑,牛弓湖) 适合繁殖鸟类的适合性.
- 为了比较鸟类种类的丰富性,组成和丰富性,在管理的淹水坑,废弃的淹水坑和牛弓湖中进行比较.
- 评估这些息地在支持临灭绝的鸟类物种和河岸地区的整体鸟类生物多样性中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在2022年对捷克共和国,波兰和斯洛伐克中型河流谷中的117个地点进行了调查.
- 评估了与三个息地类型相关的繁殖鸟类的丰富性,组成和丰富性:管理的洪水坑,废弃的洪水坑和牛弓湖.
- 分析了这些河岸息地的鸟类与水生和陆生组成部分的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 被洪水淹没的坑支持开放水域和殖民鸟类,管理的坑也有利于早期继承的陆地鸟类.
- 大多数物种更喜欢Oxbow湖,特别是那些带有河岸森林的湖泊,并且拥有最多的危物种.
- 挖掘的干扰促进了某些鸟类群体的发展,但对整体多样性产生了负面影响,将物种组成从土著的河岸种群转移开来.
结论:
- 砂和沙矿坑虽然支持一些鸟类类,但不能替代自然的河岸息地.
- 带有河岸森林的天然牛弓湖对维持土著河岸鸟类物种和促进当地生物多样性至关重要.
- 保护自然的河岸息地对于有效保护河流景观中的鸟类生物多样性至关重要.
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