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相关概念视频

Introduction to Enzymes01:22

Introduction to Enzymes

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The use of enzymes by humans dates to 7000 BCE. Humans first used enzymes to ferment sugars and produce alcohol without knowing that this was an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme' in 1877 from the Greek words ‘en’ meaning ‘in’ or ‘within’ and ‘zyme’ meaning ‘yeast.’
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

Cofactors and Coenzymes

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Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
Cofactors can be metallic ions or organic molecules called coenzymes. These types of helper...
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Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics

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Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
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Catalytically Perfect Enzymes01:07

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

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The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
 
Most enzymes...
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What is Organic Chemistry?02:17

What is Organic Chemistry?

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Organic chemistry is the study of compounds of carbon called organic compounds. Organic compounds either originate from living organisms or are synthesized by chemists. A defining trait of these compounds is the presence of carbon as the principal element, which is bonded to other carbon atoms and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The existence of a wide array of organic molecules is a consequence of carbon atoms’ ability to form up to four strong bonds to...
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Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

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Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
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酶和共价有机框架的整合:从理性设计到应用.

Shan Qiao1,2, Haiqun Jin1,2, Along Zuo1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.

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概括

绿色生物制造利用固定酶来实现可持续性. 共价有机框架 (COF) 为酶固定提供了一个有前途的平台,在各种应用中增强稳定性和可重复使用性.

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科学领域:

  • 绿色生物制造和酶固定技术.
  • 先进的晶体多孔材料,特别是共价有机框架 (COF).

背景情况:

  • 酶对于生物制造至关重要,但面临着诸如高成本,低稳定性和不可重复使用等局限性.
  • 目前的酶固定支持 (例如,二氧化,水凝,聚合物) 有缺点,包括漏,形状变化和性能差.
  • 传统航母的结构混乱导致负载能力低,质量转移受阻,结构与属性关系不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 探索共价有机框架 (COFs) 作为酶固定化的先进载体.
  • 开发创新的固定化策略和使用COF的功能载体,以提高酶的性能.
  • 扩大COF固定酶在工业催化,生物医学和性分离中的应用.

主要方法:

  • 开发新的酶固定化策略,将酶与COF集成在一起.
  • 基于COF的功能载体的合理设计和合成,用于定制的酶固定.
  • 在工业催化,生物医学和性分离中对固定酶性能的评估.

主要成果:

  • 碳酸提供了一个稳定的微环境,保护酶,并显著提高可重复使用性.
  • 与传统支器相比,工程化COF载体表现出更好的酶负载,活性和稳定性.
  • 将COF固定酶应用成功扩展到各种领域,展示了它们的多功能性.

结论:

  • 联有机框架 (COF) 代表了酶固定化的优越平台,克服了传统材料的局限性.
  • 酶与功能性COF的整合提供了协同效益,从而提高了性能和提供了新的功能.
  • 这项工作通过创新的载体设计和固定化策略为先进的生物制造和酶应用铺平了道路.