住房环境因素在中年和老年人中导致下降:一项全国性队列研究
Shaojie Li1,2, Guanghui Cui3, Yuliang Er4
1School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Innovation in aging
|December 18, 2023
概括
糟糕的住房条件,如式所和不整洁,增加了中国老年人中跌倒的风险. 改善家庭环境,例如使用坐式所和清洁的燃料,可以帮助预防跌倒和相关的残疾.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 跌倒是中年和老年人受伤和残疾的重要原因.
- 住房环境被认为是落的主要环境,但特定的环境风险因素仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些因素对于制定有针对性的防摔策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查各种住房环境因素与中老年和中国老年人跌倒风险之间的关联.
- 根据特定风险因素的存在对住房环境进行分类,并评估它们对跌倒发生率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的四波数据,涉及12382名年龄≥45岁的参与者.
- 评估了七个住房环境因素:建筑材料,所类型,整洁性,燃料,以及获得电力,自来水和洗设施.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险模型来分析住房环境类型 (好,中等,差) 和跌倒发生率之间的关系,调整为共变量.
主要成果:
- 在研究人群中观察到跌倒率为31.7%.
- 在所,家庭不整洁,以及用于的固体燃料使用与跌倒风险的增加有显著的关联.
- 确定了一种剂量与反应的关系,中等和恶劣的住房环境与良好环境相比显示出明显更高的跌倒风险.
结论:
- 改善家庭环境因素,如采用坐式所,保持整洁,使用清洁的燃料,可能会降低老年中国成年人的跌倒风险.
- 这些发现强调了创造适合老年人的住房环境的重要性,以防止老龄化人口的跌倒和减轻残疾.
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