不同的益生菌对肠道益生菌在新诊断的糖尿病患者的影响
Yu Zhang1, Lidan Yang2, Yitian Wu3
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China.
Food science & nutrition
|December 18, 2023
概括
像西利托尔和曼尼托尔这样的益生菌可以促进2型糖尿病患者的有益肠道细菌. 这项研究表明,肠道菌群的变化可能会影响糖尿病患者的糖代谢.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 益生菌通过益生菌相互作用对宿主健康产生积极影响,在糖尿病等慢性疾病中发现有好处.
- 2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 与肠道微生物群组成和功能的改变有关.
- 了解T2DM中肠道微生物群对益生菌的影响对于治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定的益生菌 (xylitol,mannitol,可溶性粉,胆,L-卡尼丁,乳糖,异马尔托-寡糖) 对T2DM患者的肠道益生菌群的影响.
- 探索前生物基质降解率和T2DM患者前生物丰度变化之间的潜在相关性.
- 评估T2DM患者和健康对照人群之间的肠道菌群发酵模式的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及10名T2DM患者和10名健康对照者的病例控制研究.
- 对新鲜便样本的分析,这些样本在各种含有益生菌的介质中化了24小时.
- 量化乳酸菌和双菌的丰富度和糖降解率的测量.
主要成果:
- 在T2DM患者中观察到乳酸菌的丰度增加,与控制组在西利托和曼尼托介质中相比.
- 在T2DM患者中,在含有可溶性粉,胆和L-卡尼丁的介质中发生了更大的Bifidobacterium增强.
- 研究小组之间发现了糖降解速率的显著差异,特别是乳糖和异多-寡糖类,与Bifidobacterium增殖有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 像西利托和曼尼托这样的益生菌可以增强新诊断的糖尿病患者的肠道益生菌种群.
- 特定益生菌基质的降解速率的变化可以作为糖尿病患者肠道菌群修饰的恒温的指标.
- 这些发现表明,益生菌在调节肠道微生物组以控制T2DM方面可能发挥作用.
相关概念视频
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
190
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
190
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
207
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
207
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
335
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
335
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
179
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
179
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
327
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
327
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
157
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
157


