肠道神经系统的血统组成的年龄相关变化调节肠道健康和疾病
Subhash Kulkarni1,2, Monalee Saha3, Jared Slosberg4
1Division of Gastroenterology, Dept of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States.
eLife
|December 18, 2023
概括
肠道的肠道神经系统 (ENS) 发展出新的中皮衍生的神经元,随着时间的推移取代神经衍生的神经元. 这种转变会影响肠道的运动和功能,强调需要平衡的神经元系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 肠道神经系统 (ENS) 对肠道健康至关重要.
- 传统上,人们认为ENS仅从神经细胞中发展.
- 它的组成被认为在初步开发后仍然是静态的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在成熟过程中ENS血统组成的动态变化.
- 识别和描述ENS中新发现的神经元系的特征.
- 探索ENS血统转移对肠道运动的功能后果.
主要方法:
- 单细胞转录组学用于分析细胞表达特征.
- 免疫化学技术用于识别和定位特定的细胞类型.
- 热带信号通路 (GDNF-RET,HGF-MET) 的分析及其在血统平衡中的作用.
- 人体肠道组织的转录基因分析.
主要成果:
- 在ENS中发现了一种来自中皮层的神经元的新型血统.
- 神经脊衍生的神经元的比例随着中皮衍生的神经元随着年龄的增加而下降.
- 神经元系平衡是由GDNF-RET和HGF-MET信号调节的.
- 与年龄相关的ENS组成的变化会影响肠道运动.
- 减少GDNF-RET信号传递和改变的神经元谱系标记在人类肠道动力障碍中被观察到.
结论:
- 肠神经系统的组成在出生后动态变化,中皮衍生神经元成为主导.
- 维持神经和中皮衍生的神经元之间的最佳平衡对于成人肠道功能至关重要.
- 这种平衡的失调,特别是减少GDNF-RET信号传递,与肠道不运动有关.
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