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热带降雨在长途迁徙鸟的行驶范围动态中的作用

Bryant C Dossman¹, Colin E Studds², Shannon L LaDeau³

¹Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|December 18, 2023

概括

气候变化影响着迁徙鸟类. 非繁殖季节的条件,比如加勒比海的干燥,影响了美国红的生存和繁殖范围,导致在30年内向南移动500公里.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
气候变化生物学气候变化生物学
鸟类学鸟类学是一门学科.

背景情况:

了解气候变化下的迁徙物种的范围动态至关重要.
在非繁殖季节的环境因素可以显著影响物种的分布和丰度.
美国红 (Setophaga ruticilla) 作为研究这些影响的模型物种.

研究的目的:

调查非繁殖季节的环境条件如何影响美国红的范围动态.
确定气候,特别是降水在调解生存和迁移模式中的作用.
评估气候变化对繁殖分布和连接的长期影响.

主要方法:

利用非繁殖场的长期数据.
在尾羽中使用稳定的同位素来估计繁殖起源.
分析了年生存率,迁移距离和降水模式之间的关系.

主要成果:

干旱年期间的降水量显著调解了年生存率和迁徙距离之间的关系.
加勒比海地区的干旱趋势与北方繁殖的美国红的死亡率增加有关.
在30年间,在牙买加人口的繁殖起源中观察到大约500公里的向南转移.
这种连接性的转变体现在物种的繁殖分布和丰度的变化中.

结论:

气候对非繁殖季节人口流程的影响是迁徙鸟类范围动态的关键驱动因素.
长期的气候趋势,如干旱,可以导致迁徙连接和繁殖分布的重大转变.
美国红提供了一个明确的例子,说明非繁殖季节的条件如何影响物种对气候变化的反应.

关键词:

气候变化气候变化气候变化移民移民迁移迁移季节性相互作用的季节性相互作用种类范围的动态种类范围的动态幸存率幸存率生存率

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