黑猩猩和黑猩猩几十年来都记得熟悉的同类
Laura S Lewis1,2, Erin G Wessling1,2, Fumihiro Kano3,4
1Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
概括
像黑猩猩和黑猩猩这样的大猿类,即使在长时间的分离后,也会多年来记住前群体成员. 这种长期的社会记忆,与人类相似,可能延伸到记住过去的关系质量.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物的行为
- 认知行为学认知行为学.
- 进化心理学 进化心理学
背景情况:
- 社会记忆对于复杂的社交和在社会环境中导航至关重要.
- 人类的社会记忆是持久的,包括关系细节,并发挥着关键的进化作用.
- 虽然个体识别在动物中很常见,但非人类猿的社会记忆仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究黑猩猩和黑猩猩的长期社会记忆.
- 探索人类社会记忆的进化基础.
- 为了确定猿人是否记得过去的社会互动的质量.
主要方法:
- 在26只黑猩猩和红黑猩猩身上使用了一种看起来优越的眼睛追踪任务.
- 呈现的类人猿与前组成员和不熟悉的同类动物的并排图像.
- 测量了对前组合友的注意力偏差.
主要成果:
- 猿人对以前的小组成员有显著的注意力倾向,这表明了长期的社会记忆.
- 分离的持续时间没有影响这种偏差的强度,这表明记忆持续至少26年.
- 微弱的证据表明,猿类可能会记住过去关系的质量,对具有积极互动历史的个体有更强的偏见.
结论:
- 对过去的伴侣的长期社会记忆存在于黑猩猩和红猩猩身上.
- 这种持久的社会认可能力可能是人类社交和文化的古老基础.
- 猿人社会记忆可能扩展到记住过去的社会互动的价值,反映人类的社会认知.
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