艾滋病毒感染儿童的"肺病谱"
1Department of Pediatrics, KB Bhabha Hospital, Bandra West, D-9, Park Bay, 295, Vidyanagari Road, Kalina, Santacruz [E], Mumbai, 400098, Maharashtra, India.
尽管在艾滋病毒治疗方面取得了进展,但肺部疾病仍然对儿童构成严重威胁. 早期高活性抗逆转录病毒疗法 (HAART) 和预防可显著减少艾滋病毒感染儿童的呼吸道感染.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 肺部疾病是艾滋病毒感染儿童疾病和死亡的主要原因,尽管整体治疗进展.
- 有效预防母婴艾滋病毒传播和早期婴儿诊断已经减少了儿童新增的艾滋病毒病例.
- 高活性抗逆转录病毒疗法 (HAART) 和肺囊炎预防已减少与艾滋病毒相关的感染,特别是呼吸道感染.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前预防和管理艾滋病毒感染儿童肺部疾病的战略.
- 突出发展中国家在艾滋病毒相关呼吸道疾病方面面临的持续挑战.
- 概述预防晚期艾滋病毒感染儿童严重呼吸道感染的关键干预措施.
主要方法:
- 对当前儿童艾滋病毒的诊断,治疗和预防策略的审查.
- 分析HAART和预防对呼吸道感染的影响.
- 检查资源有限的环境中的挑战.
主要成果:
- 由于预防计划和早期诊断,儿童艾滋病毒发病率显著减少.
- 哈特和肺囊的预防已经大大减少了整体和呼吸道感染.
- 由于各种社会经济因素,艾滋病毒相关的呼吸道疾病在发展中国家仍然是一个主要问题.
结论:
- 快速和最佳的启动和HAART的延续对于预防晚期艾滋病毒严重呼吸道感染至关重要.
- 预防策略包括BCG疫苗接种,结核病预防治疗,针对Pneumocystis jirovecii肺炎的科特里莫克萨预防,以及适合年龄的疫苗接种.
- 解决社会经济因素对于全面管理与艾滋病毒相关的儿童呼吸道疾病至关重要,特别是在发展中国家.
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