印度儿科人口中潜伏性结核病:关于证据缺口和研究需求的最新情况
Suchitra Surve1, Kajal Naukariya1, Ira Shah2
1Child Health Research, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR - NIRRCH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
The Indian journal of tuberculosis
|December 18, 2023
概括
这次审查强调了对印度五岁以下儿童的潜伏结核病感染 (LTBI) 进行更多研究的迫切需要. 目前的数据很少,这阻碍了对这一重大儿童健康问题的有效诊断和管理.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 结核病的研究研究.
背景情况:
- 潜伏性结核病感染 (LTBI) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,特别是在印度等高负担的国家.
- 由于研究有限,对五岁以下儿童的LTBI的诊断,治疗和管理策略需要特别考虑.
- 印度关于儿科LTBI患病率的现有数据不足,造成了关键的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 在印度背景下审查现有关于在五岁以下儿童中诊断,治疗和管理LTBI的研究.
- 确定研究缺口和改善儿科LTBI管理的领域.
- 强调需要更多关于LTBI患病率及其对印度幼儿的影响的数据.
主要方法:
- 对在线文章和研究论文进行全面的文献综述.
- 对世界卫生组织 (WHO) 和国家结核消除计划 (NTEP) 的当前指导方针进行分析.
- 对儿科人口中LTBI患病率,诊断和管理的现有数据的综合分析.
主要成果:
- 关于印度五岁以下儿童中LTBI患病率的统计数据显著缺乏.
- 虽然印度的成人LTBI患病率在21-48%之间,但儿科患病率估计有所不同 (例如,青少年约40%,5岁以下的22%),表明不确定性.
- 环境因素及其对儿童LTBI的影响,以及意识和不良影响的研究不足.
结论:
- 迫切需要进行研究,以准确确定印度的儿科LTBI患病率,特别是在高结核病负担地区.
- 目前的儿科LTBI管理方法可能低估了环境水库的影响.
- 进一步调查儿童LTBI的意识,不良影响和量身定制的治疗方案对于有效的疾病控制至关重要.
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