在评估新生儿阿片类药物戒断综合征时隐含的种族偏见
Katherine Nyman1,2, Francesca Okolie3,4, Natalie L Davis3,4
1University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
|December 19, 2023
概括
护士表现出隐性偏见,使用修改后的芬尼根得分 (MFS) 对新生儿阿片类药物戒断的黑人婴儿得分较低. 这表明偏见可能会影响婴儿的阿片类药物治疗差异.
科学领域:
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 医疗保健的不平等 医疗保健的不平等
- 医学教育与偏见
背景情况:
- 新生儿阿片类药物戒断综合征 (NOWS) 需要准确的评估才能有效治疗.
- 在医疗保健中存在种族差异,可能受到隐性偏见的影响.
- 修改后的芬尼根评分 (MFS) 用于量化新生儿阿片类药物戒断的严重程度.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用MFS用于新生儿阿片类药物戒断的护士的隐性偏见.
- 评估种族是否影响评估黑人与白人婴儿的阿片类药物治疗需求.
主要方法:
- 护士们展示了患有阿片类药物戒断的婴儿的临床细节.
- 参与者被随机分配,以查看带有黑色或白色婴儿照片的图片.
- 修改后的芬尼根分数 (MFS) 结果根据婴儿的感知种族进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 35岁或更年轻的护士在第2张图片上,黑人婴儿的得分低于白人婴儿 (MFS 8.3 与 9.5 相比,p=0.012).
- 经验不到5年的护士在黑人婴儿的成绩也较低 (MFS 8.2 vs 9.6,p=0.032).
- 10年或更少经验的护士表现出类似的偏差 (MFS 8.3 与 9.5, p=0.0083).
结论:
- 护士之间的隐性偏见可能有助于对新生儿阿片类药物戒断的差异性评估.
- 研究结果表明,种族偏见可能在婴儿阿片类药物治疗中的差异中起作用.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
2.0K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
2.0K
Analgesia and Pain Management
628
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
628
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
302
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
302
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
253
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
253


