为了实现神经退行性疾病分期的通用机器学习工作流程,重点关注神经纤维状结
Juan C Vizcarra1, Thomas M Pearce2, Brittany N Dugger3
1The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Acta neuropathologica communications
|December 19, 2023
概括
机器学习模型现在可以在脑图像中检测神经纤维状 (NFT),帮助阿尔茨海默病的研究. 这种方法有效地标记大型数据集并预测疾病阶段,克服专家分歧的挑战.
科学领域:
- 神经病理学神经病理学
- 计算病理学计算病理学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 在神经病理学中很有价值,但由于难以创建大型,专业标记的数据集而受到阻碍.
- 专家在神经病理学任务上的分歧使准确的诊断和研究变得复杂.
- 神经纤维状结 (NFT) 是阿尔茨海默病的关键标志物,需要精确的量化,而不仅仅是例行评估.
研究的目的:
- 建立Brak NFT分期和NFT检测专家协议的基准.
- 开发和验证ML模型,以便在全幻灯片图像 (WSI) 中有效地检测和注释NFT.
- 为了证明ML在从案例级特征预测Braak NFT阶段的能力.
主要方法:
- 分析专家和新手在使用Tau染色的WSIs对Braak NFT分期和NFT检测的协议.
- 开发一个用于注释NFT前和细胞内NFT (iNFT) 的工作流.
- 实施模型辅助的标签方法,使用机器学习来训练模型对注释器细微差别.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型成功地学习了NFT检测在WSIs中的注释器细微差别.
- 模型辅助标签显著提高了大数据集注释的效率.
- ML衍生的案例级特征预测了Braak NFT阶段,准确度与人类专家相美.
结论:
- 已经建立了ML辅助神经病理学任务的通用化工作流程,包括NFT检测.
- 机器学习模型可以有效地帮助标记和从病理学数据中提取预测特征,即使注释有限.
- 这种方法提高了阿尔茨海默病研究的神经病理学分析的可扩展性和效率.
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