在一个赛季中,初级自行车运动员的实地和实验室性能指标的时间变化
Carlos Revuelta1, Lidia B Alejo2,2, Pedro L Valenzuela2,3
1Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid Campus de Villaviciosa de Odón, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.
International journal of sports medicine
|December 19, 2023
概括
基于现场的性能指标比传统的实验室测试更容易跟踪初级自行车手整个赛季的健身变化. 这些实地测试更好地反映了年轻耐力运动员的实际表现能力.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 骑自行车的性能分析
背景情况:
- 监测运动员的发展对于优化训练计划至关重要.
- 区分基于现场和基于实验室的绩效指标对于准确的评估至关重要.
- 青少年骑自行车者具有独特的生理特征,可能会影响性能监测.
研究的目的:
- 评估初级男性公路骑自行车运动员的现场和实验室性能指标的季节性变化.
- 为了比较不同绩效指标的灵敏度,反映整个赛季的训练适应.
- 确定最有效的指标来监测年轻耐力骑自行车运动员的健身和性能能力.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究追踪了13名初级男性道路自行车手在三个季节性阶段进行的研究:季节早期,中期和晚期.
- 在循环过程中,对最大平均输出功率的现场评估.
- 基于实验室的评估包括耐力测试 (坡道测试,8分钟计时),肌肉强度/功率测试 (坐,冲刺,部推力) 和身体组成 (双能X射线吸收计).
主要成果:
- 在整个赛季中,观察到基于现场的最大平均输出功率和8分钟计时试验性能的显著逐步增加.
- 传统的实验室耐力指标 (通风门,呼吸补偿点,最大氧气吸收) 在赛季中期后显示出天花板效应.
- 峰值功率输出,身体组成和肌肉强度指标并不始终遵循基于现场的性能指标的模式.
结论:
- 与传统的实验室标记器相比,基于现场的绩效指标似乎对初级自行车手的健身和性能能力的变化更具反应性和敏感性.
- 这些发现表明,基于现场的功率输出评估是监测年轻耐力骑自行车运动员季节性进展的有价值工具.
- 仅仅依靠传统的实验室耐力测试可能会低估初级骑自行车运动员在比赛季节的实际表现发展.
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