经过实验进化的Dictyostelium discoideum减少的社会功能意味着自然界的社会冲突的选择
Tyler J Larsen1, Israt Jahan1, Debra A Brock1
1Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|December 19, 2023
概括
社会虫,Dictyostelium discoideum,当作弊没有被选中时,它们的竞争力下降. 这表明社会冲突推动了它们在自然环境中的适应.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 社会行为社会行为.
背景情况:
- 微生物相互作用是复杂的,在自然界中很难确定适应性值.
- 社会性虫Dictyostelium discoideum表现出利他主义的行为,一些细胞在聚合物中牺牲自己.
- 在模拟聚合物中作弊提供了优势,但野生D. discoideum中作弊的适应程度尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Dictyostelium discoideum在放松的选择压力下对作弊的进化适应.
- 为了确定当实验室条件消除自然选择力时,特征是否会丢失.
主要方法:
- 在受控环境中,Dictyostelium discoideum线的实验进化,没有对作弊或抵抗进行选择.
- 进化线与祖先菌株的比较,以评估竞争力和迁移能力的变化.
主要成果:
- 迪克托斯利迪斯科伊德线在化学聚合物中的竞争力降低.
- 进化的线条显示,在阶段迁移的能力下降.
- 细胞数,一个在持续选择下的特征,没有减少.
结论:
- 在放松选择下失去特定的特征表明它们是适应自然环境压力的适应.
- 在其自然息地中,Dictyostelium discoideum可能会经历社会冲突.
- 这项研究为识别其他微生物的社会和非社会适应提供了一个框架.
相关概念视频
01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
22.0K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
22.0K
01:46Types of Selection
40.5K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
40.5K
02:12Relationship Formation
40.0K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.0K