基于网络的正念训练对心理结果,注意力和神经可塑性的影响
María Guadalupe Mora Álvarez1,2, Britta Karen Hölzel3,4, Benno Bremer5
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. maria.mora@tum.de.
Scientific reports
|December 19, 2023
概括
正念冥想训练 (MMT) 有效地减少了压力和焦虑,改善了注意力和幸福感. 基于网络的MMT还可以增强大脑功能和神经连接,显示出显著的神经可塑性变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 众所周知,正念冥想训练 (MMT) 可以减少压力和焦虑.
- 它对注意力和潜在的神经可塑性变化的影响需要进一步研究.
- 了解MMT,注意力和像流动这样的改变心态之间的联系至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查MMT,减轻压力/焦虑和提高行为和神经元水平的注意力之间的关系.
- 探索MMT,注意力和修改的心态之间的联系,例如流动.
- 评估基于网络的MMT的神经可塑性影响.
主要方法:
- 118名健康的,从未进行过冥想的参与者被随机分配到31天的基于网络的MMT或主动控制 (健康培训).
- 在注意力网络测试 (ANT) 期间使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 和扩散张力成像 (DTI).
- 心理结果通过问卷进行评估.
主要成果:
- MMT 组显示压力和焦虑减轻,并改善了ANT的整体反应时间.
- 在活跃对照组中没有观察到任何显著变化.
- 在MMT后,fMRI揭示了特定大脑区域 (上额回形,后带状皮质,右海马体) 的活性增加,与减少压力,焦虑和增加流量相关.
- DTI显示了右侧未切割囊中白质微观结构的改善.
结论:
- 基于网络的MMT有效地改善了整体幸福感和注意力表现.
- MMT诱导了与注意力,减轻压力和流动状态相关的大脑区域的神经塑性变化.
- 这项研究提供了通过冥想将心理益处,注意力增强和大脑可塑性联系在一起的机制的见解.
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