甲状腺激素守门人的调节通过在tanycytes中的甲状腺激素
Akila Chandrasekar1, Paula Marie Schmidtlein1, Vanessa Neve1
1Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association
|December 20, 2023
概括
甲状腺激素 (TH) 在下丘脑中的供应是由tanycytes调节的. 甲状腺激素 (TSH) 通过不同的信号通路影响TH细胞中的TH守门者基因表达,从而影响TH的可用性.
科学领域:
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 分子内分泌学分子内分泌学
- 质细胞生物学 质细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 坦尼细胞是专门的下丘脑质细胞,在激素感应和调节低血压性激素分泌方面发挥作用.
- 泰尼细胞在通过运输体和神酶控制下丘脑甲状腺激素 (TH) 水平方面的精确作用正在研究中.
研究的目的:
- 研究甲状腺激素 (TSH) 对TH守门基因 (转运体和神酶) 在 tanycytes 中的转录的反效应.
- 阐明涉及TSH介导的这些基因调节的细胞内信号通路,在不同的tanycyte亚群中.
主要方法:
- 定量聚合酶连锁反应 (qPCR) 用于分析TSH刺激的初级细胞中的基因表达变化.
- 在大脑切片中的RNAScope®,以确定目标转录的空间分布.
- 药理学阻断细胞内通路和小干扰RNA (siRNA) 对于TSH受体 (TSHR) 的敲击,以确定调节机制.
主要成果:
- TSH显著增加了Slco1c1,Dio2和Dio3的mRNA水平,而Slc16a2在很大程度上没有受到影响.
- 由TSH诱导的基因表达依赖于TSH受体,并涉及PKA/CREB通路.
- 迪奥3和Slco1c1表达也被PKC和ERK信号调节,在tanycyte亚群中观察到差异调节.
结论:
- 通过转录,TSH通过Thr/Gαs/PKA/CREB和Thr/Gαq/PKC途径在tanycytes中调节TH守门者基因.
- 这些特异的TSH对tanycyte亚群的作用对于协调下丘脑TH供应和功能至关重要.
相关概念视频
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
4.6K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.6K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones
2.8K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.8K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
3.5K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
Humoral...
3.5K
The Thyroid Gland
3.9K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
3.9K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.4K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin
1.9K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
1.9K


