自闭症谱系障碍的全球负担和不平等:基于2019年全球疾病负担研究的数据
Lijun Yang1, Feng Chen2, Xingyu He1
1Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Preventive medicine reports
|December 20, 2023
概括
在全球范围内,自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 负担在男性和富裕人群中仍然较高. 在1990年至2019年期间,自闭症患者的收入相关不平等没有显著变化,这表明持续的健康差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一个重大的全球健康问题.
- 了解自闭症负担的趋势和不平等对于有效的卫生政策至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有全面评估随着时间的推移,根据地区或性别对自闭症健康公平的变化.
研究的目的:
- 从1990年至2019年全面描述自闭症的全球负担.
- 分析自闭症发病率,患病率和残疾生活年数 (YLDs) 的趋势.
- 评估与ASD负担和随时间变化的收入相关不平等.
主要方法:
- 使用全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据集 (1990-2019) 的基于人口的横截面研究.
- 对ASD负担指标的分析,包括204个国家的发病率,流行率和YLD.
- 应用度曲线和指数来评估与收入相关的不平等.
主要成果:
- 自闭症的全球年龄标准化发病率 (ASIR) 显示缓慢增加,而患病率 (ASPR) 和YLDs (ASYR) 显示缓慢下降.
- 自闭症不成比例地影响男性,其发病率大约是女性的三倍.
- 度曲线显示出与收入相关的重大不平等,富裕人口的负担更高;这种不平等在29年内基本保持不变.
结论:
- 全球自闭症负担仍然存在,性别和收入差异显著.
- 虽然发病率正在缓慢上升,但在全球范围内,流行率和残疾率正在缓慢下降.
- 在自闭症负担中持续存在的与收入相关的不平等,凸显了针对性卫生政策的必要性,以解决公平差距.
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