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Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Published on: February 28, 2025

外细胞囊泡和非囊泡外细胞RNA载体的转录组的表征存在挑战

Julia Makarova¹, Diana Maltseva^1,2,3, Alexander Tonevitsky^1,2,4

¹Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.

Frontiers in molecular biosciences

|December 20, 2023

概括

生物流体中的细胞外RNA (exRNA) 在细胞通信中起着关键作用. 了解exRNA载体和改进测序方法对于破译这些细胞间信号至关重要.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
细胞生物学细胞生物学
生物化学生物化学

背景情况:

细胞外RNA (exRNA) 存在于所有生物流体中,并调解细胞间通信.
exRNA被保护免受囊和蛋白质纳米粒子等载体的降解.
不同的载体具有独特的exRNA配置文件,受细胞类型和生理状态的影响.

研究的目的:

审查了解exRNA载体的进展情况.
确定exRNA分析中的方法挑战.
为克服这些挑战提供建议.

主要方法:

关于exRNA分离和表征的当前文献的综述.
对现有的生物流体分成技术的分析.
评估RNA测序库准备方法的评估.

主要成果:

目前的分化方法难以完全分离exRNA载体.
现有的RNA测序方法通常会产生不完整或有偏见的exRNA转录组数据.
在识别和表征exRNA载体方面取得了重大进展.

结论:

精确的exRNA载体配置文件的表征对于理解细胞间通信至关重要.
为了进行全面的exRNA分析,需要改善生物流体分离和RNA测序.
解决方法上的局限性将推动exRNA研究领域的发展.

关键词:

异构体是一种外构体.外基因组是外基因组的组成部分.细胞外RNARNA是什么细胞外囊泡中的细胞外囊泡.这是一个小RNARNA.超级美丽的超级美丽

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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...