针对传染病检测的种族差异:对监狱入狱数据的分析
Alysse G Wurcel1,2, Rubeen Guardado1, Emily D Grussing1,2
1Department of Medicine Tufts Medical Center, Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA, United States of America.
PloS one
|December 20, 2023
概括
传染病检测,包括艾滋病毒和型肝炎病毒 (HCV),在马萨诸塞州的一所监狱中进行了探索. 与白人相比,黑人和西班牙裔个人更有可能选择并完成测试.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 疾病预防控制中心建议对所有被监禁的人进行艾滋病毒和C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 检测.
- 在社区环境中的少数群体中,HIV和HCV检测存在障碍.
- 监狱提供了一个独特的环境来检查传染病检测模式.
研究的目的:
- 调查种族/种族和传染病 (艾滋病毒,HCV,梅毒) 测试在米德尔塞克斯惩戒院 (MHOC) 的接受和完成之间的关系.
- 在监狱人口中检测传染病的潜在种族差异.
- 评估在请求者中完成传染病检测的总体速度.
主要方法:
- 在2016-2020年期间,选择在MHOC接受传染病检测的监禁人员的回顾性分析.
- 检查的变量包括种族/种族,精神疾病史和限制性住房.
- 跨种族/族群的测试请求和完成率的比较.
主要成果:
- 只有23%的囚犯要求进行测试,38%的人接受了测试.
- 黑人非西班牙裔和西班牙裔个人比白人更有可能要求测试.
- 与非西班牙裔白人相比,西班牙裔个体获得测试结果的几率更高,黑人和西班牙裔个体更有可能完成测试.
结论:
- 种族和民族少数群体更有可能选择并在监狱中完成传染病检测.
- 调查结果可能反映出更广泛的基于社区的种族差异在获得医疗保健.
- 在确保所有要求的监禁人员完成传染病检测方面存在很大的改进空间.
相关概念视频
Test for Homogeneity
2.0K
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for homogeneity, can be used to conclude whether two populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of independence. The hypotheses for the test for homogeneity can...
2.0K
Interpreting Run Charts
101
Run charts, essentially line graphs plotted over time, serve as fundamental yet effective tools for process analysis. They chronicle data sequentially, facilitating the identification of trends, shifts, or cyclical movements. This graphical representation is instrumental in determining whether a process is stable or exhibits signs of potential instability indicative of special cause variation. In the healthcare domain, run charts depict infection rates over time, enabling hospitals to monitor...
101
Introduction to Test of Independence
2.3K
In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their individual probabilities. Tests of independence are chi-square tests involving the use of a contingency table of observed (data) values.
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:
2.3K
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
237
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
237


