移民人群获得性健康护理的结构性和中间决定因素:范围审查
C Adrian Parra1, V Stuardo Ávila2, P Contreras Hernández3
1PhD in Biomedical Research Methodology and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Public health
|December 20, 2023
概括
由于语言,歧视和医疗系统问题等因素,移民面临性健康护理的重大障碍. 解决这些决定因素对于公平的公共卫生政策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 移民研究 移民研究
背景情况:
- 移民人口在性健康方面表现出更高的脆弱性,特别是在过境期间和抵达新国家时.
- 获得性健康护理服务是世界各地国际移民,难民和寻求庇护者的关键问题.
- 了解障碍对于制定有效的卫生干预和政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,确定在过去二十年中对全球移民获得性健康保健的结构性和中间决定因素产生负面影响.
- 综合现有关于国际移民,难民和寻求庇护者在获得性健康服务方面面临的障碍的研究.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种全面的范围审查方法.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,EMBASE,CINAHL) 进行了搜索,查找2000年至2022年间发表的研究.
- 纳入标准侧重于英语或西班牙语的初级研究,详细说明移民人口的性健康准入障碍,通过健康的社会决定因素的透镜进行分析.
主要成果:
- 包括44项研究,确定了移民获得性健康护理的13个关键障碍.
- 结构性决定因素包括语言障碍,文化价值观,耻辱,不规则的地位,财务限制,种族主义,性别不平等和缺乏知识.
- 中间决定因素包括财务覆盖,隐私问题,医疗系统导航困难,设施问题和心理社会因素.
结论:
- 文化和社会价值观,以及与卫生系统相关的因素,成为最重要的障碍.
- 确定这些决定因素对于制定文化相关,跨部门和基于人权的公共政策至关重要.
- 解决这些障碍可以改善移民人口的性健康结果.
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