通过顶峰域改变神经板折叠的机械控制
Miho Matsuda1, Jan Rozman2, Sassan Ostvar3
1Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Nature communications
|December 20, 2023
概括
细胞形状的变化驱动神经管折叠在Xenopus. 由平面细胞极性调节的角收缩和膨胀,产生曲折神经板的机械力.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 神经管关闭涉及复杂的细胞形状变化,但它们在组织折叠中的作用尚不清楚.
- 了解驱动胚胎发育的机械力量对于发育生物学至关重要.
- 已知平面细胞极性 (PCP) 信号影响细胞在发育过程中的行为.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究细胞形状动态对Xenopus神经管折叠的贡献.
- 阐明神经板曲中顶点收缩和膨胀的作用.
- 探索平面细胞极性和神经发育过程中的机械力之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在神经管关闭期间,Xenopus胚胎的实时成像.
- 细胞形状,方向和顶峰域变化的分析.
- 使用顶点模型模拟细胞行为的计算建模.
- 平面细胞极性信号通路的扰乱.
主要成果:
- 在Xenopus神经管折叠过程中观察到细胞的交替尖端收缩和扩张.
- 确定了沿前后轴的偏向细胞方向,特别是在神经板链上.
- 证明了细胞自主角收缩可以导致邻细胞延长.
- 表明PCP信号传递对于这些观察到的细胞行为是必需的.
结论:
- 一个同otropically 收缩细胞的子集启动神经板曲.
- 细胞之间的机械"拉战"调节了沿身体轴的组织缩短.
- 在神经折叠过程中,角域的变化反映了PCP依赖的机械力.
- 这种机制为组织折叠中异型细胞结缩提供了一个替代方案.
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