专家昆虫对新宿主植物的使用取决于宿主和食草动物物种的地理变异
James P Michielini1,2, Xianfeng Yi3, Leone M Brown4,5
1Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA. jpmichielini@ucdavis.edu.
Oecologia
|December 20, 2023
概括
像Euphydryas phaeton这样的昆虫食草动物表现出多样化的宿主植物使用. 蝶偏好和植物适合性的区域差异影响了饮食范围,影响了生态相互作用.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 昆虫草食宿主使用的地理差异是一个关键的生态问题.
- 专门的食草动物通常在它们的范围内表现出不同的宿主偏好.
- 之前的研究往往过度强调食草动物的偏好,解释了宿主使用的地理差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查草食动物偏好和宿主植物起源的地理差异如何影响区域宿主植物的使用.
- 检查Euphydryas phaeton在不同地区的本地和非本地宿主植物上的卵置行为.
- 为了确定草食者偏好和植物特征对饮食范围的相对贡献.
主要方法:
- 对Euphydryas phaeton的卵置行为进行比较研究.
- 向来自不同地理区域的雌性蝶展示本地 (Chelone glabra) 和非本地 (Plantago lanceolata) 主体植物.
- 分析从它们的出生和非出生地区采购的宿主植物的蝶接受率.
主要成果:
- 来自仅使用本地宿主的地区的蝶拒绝了非本地宿主.
- 来自使用两种宿主地区的蝶更容易接受来自其出生地区的非本地植物.
- 单个蝶的接受程度有很大差异,但植物起源并没有显著影响区域内的接受程度.
结论:
- 宿主植物使用的地理差异是由食草动物偏好和被认为适合植物的区域差异决定的.
- 个人偏好的差异与区域因素一起,在确定饮食范围方面发挥着作用.
- 了解区域植物特征对于预测昆虫草食动物的饮食范围和生态相互作用至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:52Characterizing Herbivore Resistance Mechanisms: Spittlebugs on Brachiaria spp. as an Example
Published on: June 19, 2011
13.8K
12:11Identification of Metabolically Active Bacteria in the Gut of the Generalist Spodoptera littoralis via DNA Stable Isotope Probing Using 13C-Glucose
Published on: November 13, 2013
15.4K
相关概念视频
02:40Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
13.0K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.0K
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
23.7K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
23.7K
02:02Ecological Niches
23.7K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
23.7K
02:39Predator-Prey Interactions
16.2K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
16.2K
01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
22.0K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
22.0K
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.9K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.9K