一个"平凡的争的精神:"英国系统学中的争议,1822-1836年
1Department of History, University of California, Berkeley, 3229 Dwinelle Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720-2550, USA. mursinna@berkeley.edu.
Journal of the history of biology
|December 20, 2023
概括
1830年代英国的动物学分类经历了激烈的辩论,特别是在威廉·夏普·麦克利的五元系统周围. 这些以"平的争精神"为标志的科学争论,揭示了动物学家之间潜在的哲学和个人冲突.
科学领域:
- 动物学 动物学
- 科学的历史科学的历史.
- 系统学 系统学 系统学
背景情况:
- 到1820年,林奈的系统面临挑战,导致广泛共识的下降.
- 新的分类系统,如金系统,出现,引发了重大的辩论.
- 查尔斯·达尔文 (Charles Darwin) 在当时的动物学话语中注意到了"平凡的争精神".
研究的目的:
- 提供1820年代末和1830年代初英国动物学话语的社会和概念分析.
- 检查影响科学辩论的哲学和人际关系因素.
- 分析三个主要的公众争议,其中涉及五元论的主要支持者.
主要方法:
- 科学文献和通信的历史分析.
- 检查英国动物学中的公众争议.
- 专注于五元系统及其倡导者.
主要成果:
- 这一时期的特点是动物学家之间的激烈和经常激烈的公开辩论.
- 奇纳系统的出现是这些争议的核心催化剂.
- 哲学上的分歧和人际关系的动态显著塑造了科学话语.
结论:
- 1830年代初,英国的动物学系统学受到重大争议的标志.
- 科学辩论的内容受到概念和社会因素的影响.
- 了解这些历史上的争议,可以了解动物分类的演变.
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