替代方案评估:对研究和实践的进展和未来需求的分析
Aude M Bechu1, Monika A Roy1, Molly Jacobs1
1Sustainable Chemistry Catalyst, Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.
Integrated environmental assessment and management
|December 21, 2023
概括
替代品评估推动了更安全的化学替代品,但在混合物危险评估和生命周期整合方面仍然存在差距. 未来的工作应该解决这些需要更好的决策.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 风险评估 风险评估
- 化学政策 化学政策
背景情况:
- 替代品评估 (AA) 支持用更安全的选择代替危险化学品.
- 近几十年来,AA框架和政策推动了该领域的增长.
- 之前的工作已经确定了五个关键领域的14个研究和实践需求.
研究的目的:
- 根据确定的需求,强调AA的方法进步.
- 建议未来的研究和实践发展在AA.
主要方法:
- 对2013年至2022年间发表的154个来源进行了广泛的文献审查.
- 在AA中对先前识别的研究和实践需求进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 在解决AA需求方面取得了重大进展.
- 一些关键领域仍未得到充分解决,包括混合物危险评估,生命周期整合和实际决策方法.
- 在评估化学混合物和不同化学形式的危害方面仍然存在差距.
结论:
- AA 的领域已经成熟,但需要进一步发展.
- 未来的研究应侧重于标准化混合物危险评估,并将生命周期考虑和公平/正义纳入AA.
- 解决发现的差距将加强向更安全的化学品和产品的过渡.
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