病孩子的肺部超声波:比X射线图更少的伤害和更多的信息
Giovanna Chidini1, Francesco Raimondi2
1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine Department, Milan, Italy. giovanna.chidini@policlinico.mi.it.
European journal of pediatrics
|December 21, 2023
概括
肺部超声波 (LU) 是用于儿科和新生儿重症监护的安全,无辐射的成像工具. 本综述详细介绍了LU扫描方法和用于诊断儿童肺部疾病的指示.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 儿科重症监护中心儿童重症监护中心
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 照顾点超声波 (POCUS) 超声波 (POCUS) 超声波是指照顾点的超声波.
背景情况:
- 肺部超声波 (LU) 越来越多地被采用在儿科和新生儿重症监护中,作为胸部X射线影像的床边,无辐射的替代方案.
- 护理点超声波 (POCUS) 已在诊断儿科肺病理和指导干预方面表现出多功能性,在全球范围内越来越多地使用.
- 虽然已为成年人制定,但儿童和新生儿群体的LU统一指南仍在发展,尽管最初的重点是心声回声学.
研究的目的:
- 阐明在新生儿和儿科患者中进行肺超声波 (LU) 扫描的方法.
- 在儿科和新生儿队列中突出显示LU的主要征兆.
- 描述健康肺部的超声波关键特征,并介绍肺部超声波得分.
主要方法:
- 审查现有文献和指导方针的肺超声波应用在儿科和新生儿重症监护.
- 描述在新生儿和儿童中进行LU扫描的技术方面和程序步骤.
- 解释超声波检测结果,表明正常的肺和肺超声波评分方法.
主要成果:
- 肺部超声波 (LUS) 能够有效地诊断儿科和新生儿患者的肺胸部,结合和胸腔溢出.
- LUS有助于监测新生儿急性呼吸困扰综合征 (NARDS) 和儿科急性呼吸困扰综合征 (PARDS) 肺部招募的表面活性剂治疗反应.
- LUS对于确定支气管炎的严重程度很有价值,并且为重症儿童的肺部评估提供了一种无辐射的方法.
结论:
- 肺部超声波 (LU) 是一种至关重要的,安全和有效的床边工具,用于诊断和监测儿科和新生儿重症监护中的各种肺病理.
- 本综述提供了LU扫描方法,正常肺超声波特征和儿科应用的肺超声波得分的基本理解.
- 标准化的指导方针和培训对于进一步将LU纳入常规儿科和新生儿重症监护实践至关重要.
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