酒精消费对隐性种族偏见的影响
Kasey G Creswell1, Kirk Warren Brown1, Sarah L Pedersen2
1Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.
概括
这项研究发现,一剂令人陶醉的酒精剂量并没有增加年轻成年人的隐性种族偏见. 与流行的理论相反,酒精消费没有影响种族偏见,这是通过种族隐含关联测试 (IAT) 测量的.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 集团间关系 集团间关系
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 理论表明,酒精加剧了种族偏见,增加了对刻板印象的依赖,减少了自我监控.
- 以前关于酒精对隐性种族偏见的影响的研究产生了不一致的结果.
- 之前研究的方法限制包括小样本大小和低毒性酒精剂量.
研究的目的:
- 测试酒精中毒剂量是否会加剧隐含的种族偏见.
- 通过使用更大的样本大小和更高的酒精剂量 (目标BAC为0.08%) 来解决先前研究的局限性.
主要方法:
- 207名年轻成年人 (非黑人/非裔美国人) 被随机分配为饮用酒精饮料或安慰剂饮料.
- 参与者完成了基于种族的隐性关联测试 (IAT),以测量对白人与黑人的隐性偏好.
- 这项研究采用了强大的方法,与以前的研究相比,参与者群体显著增加.
主要成果:
- 所有参与者都表现出隐含的种族偏见,将传统的黑人名字与负面词语联系起来.
- 在酒精和安慰剂组之间没有观察到隐性种族偏见的显著差异.
- 在服用酒精 (M = 0.55) 和服用安慰剂 (M = 0.59) 的参与者之间,种族IATD得分没有差异.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了现有的理论和先前的研究表明,酒精放大了隐含的种族偏见.
- 一种令人陶醉的酒精剂量似乎并没有增加这项研究群体中隐含的种族偏见.
- 可能需要进一步的研究才能充分理解酒精和种族偏见之间的复杂关系.
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