一个你不能拒绝的报价:辩护报价的大小会影响无辜但不有罪的被告对自愿性的看法
Melanie B Fessinger1, Margaret Bull Kovera1
1Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York.
Law and human behavior
|December 21, 2023
概括
辩护协议的变化会影响人们对自愿的看法,特别是对无辜被告. 有罪的被告通常发现请求比无辜者更自愿,无论减刑框架.
科学领域:
- 法律心理学 法律心理学
- 刑事司法研究 刑事司法研究
- 决策研究 决策研究
背景情况:
- 辩护讨价还价是刑事司法系统的基石.
- 了解被告对认罪自愿性的看法对于程序正义至关重要.
- 现有的研究还没有充分探讨具体的诉讼结果变化如何影响这些看法.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同的认罪结果特征 (减刑规模,认罪类型和框架) 如何影响无辜和有罪被告对自愿的看法.
- 测试特定的假设关于基于被告的有罪状况和辩解的细节的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 对1518名来自研究小组的成年参与者进行了模拟诉讼决定实验.
- 参与者被随机分配为无罪或有罪,并提出了不同减刑规模,类型 (传统认罪与阿尔福德认罪) 和框架 (认罪折扣与审判处罚) 的认罪提议.
- 在模拟的辩护决定之后,参与者评价了程序的自愿性.
主要成果:
- 无论是无辜的还是有罪的被告都不太可能接受减刑的认罪提议.
- 与有罪被告相比,无辜被告认为认罪程序总体上不那么自愿.
- 与传统的认罪相比,无辜的被告在获得较小的减刑或阿尔福德认罪时,将程序评为不那么自愿. 制并没有显著影响自愿的感知.
结论:
- 辩护结果的变化明显影响被告对自愿的看法.
- 该研究强调了自愿的法律定义与非专业人士的看法之间存在潜在的脱节.
- 调查结果强调了在评估认罪谈判的公平性时考虑被告的特点和诉讼理由的特殊性的重要性.
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