老年肝移植接受者的免疫抑制
Paolo De Simone1, Sara Battistella2, Quirino Lai3
1Liver Transplant Program, University of Pisa Medical School Hospital, Pisa, Italy; Department of Surgical, Medical, Biochemical Pathology and Intensive Care, University of Pisa, Italy.
Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.)
|December 21, 2023
概括
老年肝移植接受者经历的急性拒绝较少,但容易出现并发症. 最佳的免疫抑制包括减少氨尿素抑制剂的暴露和较短的皮质类固醇疗程老年人.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 移植医学 移植医学 移植医学
- 老年人药理学 老年人药理学
背景情况:
- 65岁以上的肝移植接受者占欧洲和美国病例的22%.
- 与年轻患者 (23%) 相比,老年人急性排斥的风险较低 (9%).
- 年长的接受者面临更高的免疫抑制相关并发症的脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 对年长的肝移植接受者进行最佳免疫抑制策略的审查.
- 尽量减少不良事件,同时防止这一人口群体的急性拒绝.
- 为了解决关于管理老年肝移植患者免疫抑制的有限信息.
主要方法:
- 药物代谢中与衰老相关的药物动力学变化的综述.
- 对特定免疫抑制剂的年龄相关影响的分析.
- 讨论脆弱性及其对药物管理的影响.
主要成果:
- 衰老会改变氨酸抑制剂和皮质类固醇的药理动力学.
- 在低albuminemia中,可能需要调整mycophenolate酸衍生剂剂量.
- 拉帕amycin 抑制剂的哺乳动物标,巴西利克西马布和子抗胆小细胞球蛋白的药理动力学不受年龄的影响.
- 老年接受者可能需要降低免疫抑制,降低氨尿素抑制剂暴露,以及更短的皮质类固醇疗程.
结论:
- 针对性免疫抑制疗法对年长的肝移植接受者至关重要.
- 减少免疫抑制,特别是用氨酸抑制剂和皮质类固醇,是适用的.
- 需要进一步研究这一群体中拉巴胺素抑制剂的哺乳动物点.
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