在本科和研究生医学教育中减少伤害:系统的范围审查
Kelsey R Smith1,2, Nina K Shah3, Abby L Adamczyk4
1University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. kelseysmith@health.ucsd.edu.
BMC medical education
|December 22, 2023
概括
医疗教育需要更多的降低伤害培训. 这次审查发现课程缺乏,并提出了一个新的框架 (降低危害教育谱),以改善对物质使用患者的护理.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药物使用障碍 药物使用障碍
背景情况:
- 药物使用是疾病和死亡的日益严重的原因,强调了需要在减少危害方面接受培训的医疗保健专业人员的需要.
- 目前的医学课程不足以为医疗保健工作人员准备应对药物使用及其相关危害的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查在美国和加拿大的本科 (UME) 和研究生医学教育 (GME) 中发布的降低伤害的课程.
- 制定一个全面的危害降低医疗教育框架.
- 确定未来课程开发的关键内容领域.
主要方法:
- 搜索了主要的数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,ERIC,MedEdPORTAL) 的英语语言课程,从1993年到2021年.
- 包括美国和加拿大的UME和GME项目.
- 分析了培训人员人数,目标,格式,内容和评估的数据.
主要成果:
- 包括23篇文章,详细介绍了19个不同的教育计划,主要是内部开发的.
- 大多数课程 (85%) 专注于基本的物质使用知识,缺乏减少危害的原则.
- 开发了减少伤害的教育频谱 (HRES) 框架,确定了6个主题中的17个内容主题.
结论:
- 减少危害的原则在当前的医学教育中显著不足.
- 在不断变化的药物供应中,基本的降低危害知识对于持久的课程至关重要.
- 人力资源资源研究框架为加强医疗保健工作人员培训提供了指导,以改善对使用毒品的患者的护理.
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