肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPSV23) 在患有糖尿病的高风险儿科患者中
Kelsey Mueller1, Jason Koury1, Preeyaporn Sarangarm1
1Department of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Hospitals, Albuquerque, NM (KM, JK, PS, RCH, ES).
概括
高风险糖尿病儿童的肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPSV23) 接种率很低,许多接种机会都错过了. 这突显了在这个脆弱的儿童群体中遵守预防肺炎球菌感染的建议的差距.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 免疫接种实践咨询委员会建议在肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV13) 之后,在2-18岁高危儿科患者接种肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPSV23).
- 对于所有儿童来说,PPSV23并不是常规推的,并且对高风险组的建议的遵守可能是不一致的.
- 患有1型或2型糖尿病的儿童被认为是肺炎球菌感染的高风险.
研究的目的:
- 确定1型或2型糖尿病诊断的高风险儿科患者中PPSV23的疫苗接种率.
- 在这个人群中识别PPSV23疫苗接种错过的机会.
- 评估与疫苗接种状态相关的侵入性肺炎球菌感染的发生率.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项单一中心的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括2至18岁的糖尿病诊断患者和2019年至少一次医疗保健遭遇的患者.
- 主要结局是PPSV23疫苗接种率;次要结局包括错过的疫苗接种机会和侵入性肺炎球菌感染发生率.
主要成果:
- 总共有366名患者被纳入,平均年龄为13.3岁;69.8%是白人.
- 只有32名患者 (8.7%) 记录了PPSV23疫苗接种.
- 在PPSV23接种疫苗之前记录了32例肺炎病例,接种疫苗后记录了1例.
结论:
- 在研究的高风险糖尿病儿科人群中,PPSV23疫苗接种率显著较低.
- 发现了许多错过的PPSV23疫苗接种机会.
- 吸收率低可能是因为PPSV23不是所有儿科患者普遍推的疫苗.
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